Gallic Empire: Roman separatism experience in crisis III century

Abstract

This article presents the concept of “separatism” to explain the trends in the study, as well as to characterize the crisis of the Roman Empire in the III century. The causes and consequences of strengthening the role of the army in the political life of the Roman society are shower. The early manifestations of separatism under the Emperor Gallienus and their connection with the creation of the Gallic Empire are considered. The personality and actions Posthuma during his coming to power are fecused. The paper raises questions about the nature and manifestation of Roman separatism in a systemic crisis of the Roman Empire. Gallienus and Posthum’s relationships are explored, as well as the nature of the subsequent relationship of Gaul and Rome. The internal politics of the first Gallic emperor is characterized. Activities of all subsequent rulers of this territory before its reunification with Rome are considered. Conclusions about the nature of the Gallic separatism in the period under review are wade.